HÉLICE TRÍPLICE: INOVAÇÃO E EMPREENDEDORISMO UNIVERSIDADE-INDÚSTRIA-GOVERNO
Henry Etzkowitz, Chunyan Zhou
The Triple Helix has developed into an internationally recognized model that is at the heart of the emerging discipline of innovation studies, and a guide to policy and practice at the local, regional, national and multinational levels. University-industry-government interactions, forming a “triple helix” for innovation and entrepreneurship, are the key to knowledge-based economic growth and social development. The article discusses the model’s origin, concept, dynamics, sources, and alternate routes.
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-40142017000200023

 

 

 

USING WEB MINING TO EXPLORE TRIPLE HELIX INFLUENCES ON GROWTH IN SMALL AND MID-SIZE FIRMS

YinLi Sanjay Arora, Jan Youties, Phil Shapira

While broad “Triple Helix” frameworks of industry, government and university collaborations have the potential to enhance innovation and economic development at macro-levels, at the micro-level of the firm it should not be assumed that such relationships are uniform in character or outcomes. Each firm will negotiate and develop its own set of relationships with other innovation system actors based on its capabilities and strategies. To better understand these dynamics, particularly from the perspective of small and medium-sized enterprises, this study probes the micro-level characteristics and impacts of external enterprise relationships. Novel website-based Triple Helix measures are introduced that extend the analytical scope beyond customary indicators (such as patent analysis or entropy measures) to include communication and coordination among all three helices at the micro-level of individual firms. This approach is used to explore the micro-level characteristics and impacts of industry, government and university relations for small and medium-sized enterprises by analyzing a subset of 271 U.S. green goods small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. We compare the website-based measures with case study results to authenticate the method. A panel data regression model is then employed to analyze the simultaneous impacts of various combinations of industry, government and university links on firm sales growth (2008–2011), with controls for region, scale, and application domains. The ability of website-based indicators to distinguish the impacts of different mixes of Triple Helix relations is demonstrated. While relationships with all three helices have a positive total marginal effect on firm sales growth, local relationships and relationships that emphasize links with government and industry make particularly notable contributions to growth in the sample green goods enterprises. The implications of these findings are discussed.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166497216000031

 

 

SYNERGY IN THE KNOWLEDGE BASE OF U.S. INNOVATION SYSTEMS AT NATIONAL, STATE, AND REGIONAL LEVELS: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF HIGH-TECH MANUFACTURING AND KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE SERVICES

Loet Leydesdorff, Caroline S Wagner, Igone Porto‐Gomez, Jordan A Comins, Fred Phillips

Using information theory, we measure innovation systemness as synergy among size‐classes, ZIP Codes, and technological classes (NACE‐codes) for 8.5 million American companies. The synergy at the national level is decomposed at the level of states, Core‐Based Statistical Areas (CBSA), and Combined Statistical Areas (CSA). We zoom in to the state of California and in more detail to Silicon Valley. Our results do not support the assumption of a national system of innovations in the U.S.A. Innovation systems appear to operate at the level of the states; the CBSA are too small, so that systemness spills across their borders. Decomposition of the sample in terms of high‐tech manufacturing (HTM), medium‐high‐tech manufacturing (MHTM), knowledge‐intensive services (KIS), and high‐tech services (HTKIS) does not change this pattern, but refines it. The East Coast—New Jersey, Boston, and New York—and California are the major players, with Texas a third one in the case of HTKIS. Chicago and industrial centers in the Midwest also contribute synergy. Within California, Los Angeles contributes synergy in the sectors of manufacturing, the San Francisco area in KIS. KIS in Silicon Valley and the Bay Area—a CSA composed of seven CBSA—spill over to other regions and even globally.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/asi.24182

 

 

Published by the Triple Helix Association  –  ISSN 2281-4515

 

 

 

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